In the 17th century, large-scale Han Chinese immigration to western Taiwan began under a Dutch colony and continued under the Kingdom of Tungning. With 23.45 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the most densely populated countries in the world.Īustronesian-speaking ancestors of Taiwanese indigenous peoples settled the island around 6,000 years ago. Other major cities include Kaohsiung, Taichung, Tainan and Taoyuan. The capital is Taipei, which, along with New Taipei and Keelung, forms the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan.
The main island of Taiwan has an area of 35,808 square kilometres (13,826 sq mi), with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its highly urbanised population is concentrated.
It shares maritime borders with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Taiwan, officially the Republic of China ( ROC), is a country in East Asia.
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